What is electric motor: Definition & Types of electric motor principle
An electric motor or electric motor is an electrical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. When electric energy is passed through the motor coils, its stator and rotor change momentarily, and different types of magnetic fields are generated both at the same time. Due to which, the rotor of the motor starts rotating. Now, with this rotation of the motor, we can run many types of machines by connecting them. That's why you must have seen that different types of machines nowadays are often run with the help of electric motors.
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| Image :- single phase motor |
Single Phase Motor All of the machines that are working nowadays are either driven by electrical energy or by mechanical energy. The function of an electric motor is to rotate the machine. Their speed of rotation varies according to the requirement, which is manufactured by the motor manufacturer with different power, with different speeds as per the requirement. Their size is required.
Small or large. You can also find hundreds of hard power motors in a factory. Whereas in everyday practice, motors of 0.5HP, 1HP, 2HP.3HP.5HP.10HP.15HP.20HP, and 50P will be seen.
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| Image :- Three phase motor |
Here we aim to introduce you to the most commonly used motors in everyday life. Motors used in water pumps, flour mills, rice mills, etc. There are such motors. Most of the industries nowadays run on motors. Often people have to face problems due to a lack of knowledge about motors. Therefore, for those who have such motors, it is necessary to know about the motors.
- Types of Electric Motors:
Many types of motors are made according to the work to be done and the use. Let us discuss them in brief.
- AC Motors:
AC motors means motors running on ultra-native current. Nowadays the power line, which is being run by the government everywhere, is the ultra-native current. 50 frequency AC electricity is used in India. This means that the electrical conductor wires do not maintain a constant current, but they have a tendency to come into the current again and again and again, and again in the state of neutral. And in a second, 50 currents come in these conductor wires, and 50 times a neutral condition is created. The alternating current coming in this way is called ultra-negative current. Now, if we talk about 3 phase power lines, then a similar situation is created in all these three. The alternating current coming in this way is called ultra-negative current.
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Now, if we talk about 3 phase power lines, then a similar situation keeps happening in all these three. But the point to be noted is that when a current comes in one of the conductors, the other two conductors are in a neutral state. And in all these three, the situation of current and neutral keeps getting created alternately. And due to the alternating current coming and going, this type of power supply is known as ultra-negative current or AC current.
All of the motors that run this electricity are called AC motors. In today's time, about 95 percent of the motors are AC motors. Industrial motors and other motors are used in everyday use, such as water pumps, etc. There are motors of this type.
- DC Motors:
DC means direct current. One such There is a power supply in which the current in the conductors is maintained every moment. There is no neutral position in this. The conductors can enter the neutral state only when the power supply is turned off through the switch. Such power supply is through batteries. You must have seen the battery charging through the power line. Even though these batteries are charged from the power line, they are not charged with ultra-negative current. Rather, when electricity is supplied through devices by converting the current of the power line with the ultra-negative current into DC current, only then they get charged and store AC electricity in themselves.
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When a motor is directly driven by taking the power supply of these batteries, then such motors are called DC motors. The fans installed in train coaches are examples of motors running on DC power. DC motors are not found very large. These exist up to a maximum of 1 horsepower.
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| DC fan motor |
